Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast

Abstract

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast is a rare benign mesenchymal lesion of the breast. We present a case of a 49-year-old female patient who consulted for having a rapidly and progressively growing tumor in her left breast. Breast ultrasound showed a heterogeneous and hypoechoic lesion with several nodules. Mammography showed an oval tumor with diffuse margins without microcalcifications. Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy revealed cellular findings compatible with breast fibroma. The anatomopathological diagnosis was pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast. This is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor secondary to exacerbated proliferation of mature fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, whose triggering factor is still unknown. Most present as diffuse lesions, and the diagnosis is often incidental or in the context of other breast pathologies.