Pseudo-Laminarization of Mixed Microbubble Water and Complex Fluids in Capillary Flows

Takaki Kobayashi,Taisuke Sato,Akiomi Ushida

doi:10.3390/sym13071141

Takaki Kobayashi, Taisuke Sato + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13071141

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Abstract

Symmetry in fluid flow is determined by external factors such as magnetic or electric fields. Owing to the electrical properties of fluids, liquids containing fine bubble or ionic surfactant molecules differ from the normal fluid flow. Therefore, the pressure drop and frictional coefficient in a pipe are measured and estimated for water alone, for mixed microbubble water (MB), and for complex fluids (anionic surfactant solution and polymer solution) in capillary flow with constant flow rate. For water alone, good agreement is obtained between the experimental and theoretical values for laminar Hagen–Poiseuille flow and the Blasius expression in turbulent flow. For the MB, pseudo-laminarization is suggested up to a Reynolds number of 4.2×103. Both the anionic surfactant solution and the polymer solution exhibit the same tendency as that of the MB. In explaining these behaviors, elasticity and electrical interaction are discussed, and electrical interaction on the capillary wall is strongly suggested to be a contributing factor. Additionally, surface tension is investigated and supports the discussion.

Highlights

IntroductionIt has been pointed out that there is an antisymmetric viscosity even in fluids containing micromachines that break the time reversal symmetry [2]
Serizawa et al reported that mixed microbubble water in a vertical pipe exhibited pressure loss in the turbulent region (Reynolds number Re > 1.0 × 104 ) that was reduced by several percent [18]
The pressure drop ∆p was measured and the frictional coefficient λ was used to organize the experimental results, where λ is given by λ=

Summary

Introduction

It has been pointed out that there is an antisymmetric viscosity even in fluids containing micromachines that break the time reversal symmetry [2] In these studies, the effects of magnetic and electric fields have been reported [3]. Serizawa et al reported that mixed microbubble water (hereinafter referred to as MB) in a vertical pipe exhibited pressure loss in the turbulent region (Reynolds number Re > 1.0 × 104 ) that was reduced by several percent [18]. They measured the frictional coefficient λ of MB in a vertical pipe and found

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