Abstract
Gauging the global $B\ensuremath{-}L$ (Baryon number minus Lepton number) symmetry in the standard model (SM) is well motivated since anomaly cancellations require the introduction of three right-handed neutrinos which play an essential role in naturally generating tiny SM neutrino masses through the seesaw mechanism. In the context of the $B\ensuremath{-}L$ extended SM, we propose a pseudo-Goldstone boson dark matter (DM) scenario in which the imaginary component of a complex $B\ensuremath{-}L$ Higgs field serves as the DM in the universe. The DM relic density is determined by the SM Higgs boson mediated process, but its elastic scattering with nucleons through the exchange of Higgs bosons is highly suppressed due to its pseudo-Goldstone boson nature. The model is therefore free from the constraints arising from direct DM detection experiments. We identify regions of the model parameter space for reproducing the observed DM density compatible with the constraints from the Large Hadron Collider and the indirect DM searches by Fermi Large Area Telescope and Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov.
Highlights
According to the widely accepted ΛCDM model [1], around 25% of the universe’s total energy density resides in one or more dark matter (DM) particle
We have proposed a pseudo-Goldstone DM (pGDM) scenario in the context of a gauged B − L extension of the standard model (SM)
Our model is a minimal extension of the well-known B − L model with an additional B − L Higgs field ΦB, and following the B − L symmetry breaking, the Higgs sector of the model effectively realizes the pGDM scenario
Summary
According to the widely accepted ΛCDM model [1], around 25% of the universe’s total energy density resides in one or more dark matter (DM) particle. This coupling disappears in the nonrelativistic limit, so that the scattering cross section of the DM particle χ with a nucleon mediated by the Higgs bosons vanishes [7] This model is free from the constraints from the direct DM detection experiments. In the original pGDM model [7], in order to realize a phenomenologically viable scenario, it is essential to introduce the mass squared terms in Eq (1.1) which explicitly break the global U(1) symmetry. Since the latter symmetry is not manifest, one could, in general, include additional terms. VA; ð2:2Þ where vH 1⁄4 pffi2ffihH0i 1⁄4 246 GeV is a VEV of the charge neutrapl fficffi omponent (H0) of the SM Higgs doublet and vA 1⁄4 2hΦAi
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