Abstract
In this paper, a hybrid distributed-parallel cluster software framework for heterogeneous computer networks is introduced that supports simulation, data analysis, and machine learning (ML), using widely available JavaScript virtual machines (VM) and web browsers to accommodate the working load. This work addresses parallelism, primarily on a control-path level and partially on a data-path level, targeting different classes of numerical problems that can be either data-partitioned or replicated. These are composed of a set of interacting worker processes that can be easily parallelized or distributed, e.g., for large-scale multi-element simulation or ML. Their suitability and scalability for static and dynamic problems are experimentally investigated regarding the proposed multi-process and communication architecture, as well as data management using customized SQL databases with network access. The framework consists of a set of tools and libraries, mainly the WorkBook (processed by a web browser) and the WorkShell (processed by node.js). It can be seen that the proposed distributed-parallel multi-process approach, with a dedicated set of inter-process communication methods (message- and shared-memory-based), scales up efficiently according to problem size and the number of processes. Finally, it is demonstrated that this JavaScript-based approach for exploiting parallelism can be used easily by any typical numerical programmer or data analyst and does not require any special knowledge about parallel and distributed systems and their interaction. The study is also focused on VM processing.
Highlights
Any numerical computation can be composed of a set of interacting functions
This paper identifies optimized software and architecture details, suitable metrics by which to assess computational nodes in advance, and the classes of problems that are suitable for our proposed and implemented multi-process and communication architecture with a focus on virtual machines (VM) technologies
Evaluation The following analysis shows some selected experiments for a single-matrix multiplication and a pipelined computation that is typical for an machine learning (ML) task with convolutional neuronal network (CNN) models performing matrix convolution (O(N2)) and fully connected perceptron layers, containing summation and a functional application to all elements of the input matrix (up to an O(N3) complexity)
Summary
Any numerical computation can be composed of a set of interacting functions. One form of this is a linear sequence of functions, but often, computational functions can be divided into sets of parallel function evaluations. A heterogeneous cluster-based parallel and distributed numerical and machine learning framework is introduced using the widely available JavaScript Virtual Machines (VM), either as part of a web browser (client-side) or as part of a dedicated server-side engine (e.g., node.js). It features an easy and explicitly controlled way to compose parallel and distributed numerical computation, via worker processes that can be created and processed on a wide range of platforms and accessed and controlled by a web browser (laboratory in the Browser). This work addresses the practical aspects and explores the problem space suitable for parallelization and distribution
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