Abstract
PSAM2 is a self-transmissible integrative and replicative mobile genetic element isolated from Streptomyces ambofaciens. It belongs to the large family of Actinomycete integrative and conjugative elements (AICEs). These elements have the ability to mobilize chromosomal DNA regions and thus play a role in horizontal gene transfer in this group of bacteria. As Streptomyces and other related actinobacteria are important producers of secondary metabolites of medical interest, these AICEs could play a role in the flux of secondary metabolites biosynthetic or resistance genes. pSAM2 is among the best characterized AICEs, as its excision/integration, replication and transfer have been characterized. In particular, pSAM2 transfer, as the one of other Streptomyces mobile genetic elements, involves double-stranded DNA, contrarily to the classical conjugation of single-stranded DNA molecules. A bioinformatics analysis allowed the identification of pSAM2-like elements in several suborders of Actinomycetales.
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