Abstract

Green switching of the Sonogashira coupling reaction was achieved with a polymeric heterogeneous palladium catalyst under aqueous and copper-free conditions. Polystyrene-supported bis(N-heterocyclic carbene)-palladium complex 1 was prepared from the polymeric NHC ligand precursor. The polymeric NHC-Pd complex catalyzed the coupling of aryl halides (I or Br) with terminal alkynes in DMF-H2O in the absence of copper salts. Good substrate tolerance was exhibited (15 entries).

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