Przedmiotowe logiki fikcji. Cz. I: Semantyki światów możliwych D. Lewisa

Abstract

This paper discusses the validity of David Lewis’s possible worlds semantics in the analysis of fictional objects. It points out the distinctive features of fictional objects: ontological incompleteness, double structure of predication and also the possibility of inconsistency. Subsequently, the possibility of speaking adequately about these properties using possible worlds semantics is examined. What follows is a brief comparison of possible worlds semantics with Meinongian logic. The conclusion is that although we can use possible worlds semantics to analyze fictional objects, Meinongian logic is a much more valid alternative. It must be stressed, however, that using Meinongian logic we can only analyze fictional objects, not fictional worlds. To analyze the latter, we have to use possible worlds semantics. Thus, a complete analysis of fiction, namely fictional objects and fictional worlds, needs both Meinongian logic and possible worlds semantics.