Prévalence des troubles mentaux en population générale au Burkina Faso

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine, with the use of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the prevalence of mental disorders in the general population of Burkina Faso; To identify the factors associated with the occurrence of these disorders. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical survey of a representative sample of the general population aged 18 years and over (n=2587). The only non-inclusion criterion was absence from the place of residence during the investigation period for whatever reason. This approach allowed us to select at random 840 households with a total number of 2587 persons aged 18 years and over. The data collection tools we used were a written questionnaire, developed by ourselves, and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview or MINI questionnaire. On the ethical level, the protocol of this research and its appendices have received the prior approval of the Ethics Committee for Health Research of Burkina Faso as well as support from local customary and administrative authorities. ResultsThe surveyed population consisted of 1 479 women (57.17 %) and 1108 men (42.83 %). Of the 2 587 people surveyed, 1 072 or 41.43 % met the criteria for at least one of the mental disorders. The prevalence rate was significantly higher among women than men (46.24 % versus 35.01 %). The depressive episode was the most frequent disorder in the surveyed population (11.60 %). Gender, place of residence and marital status were the main factors significantly associated with the occurrence of mental disorders. ConclusionThis first national survey revealed a high prevalence of mental disorders. Considering the importance of mental disorders in the general population, it is important to train and involve more nurses and general practitioners in the identification and management of these disorders as there are very few specialists in the field at present.