Prunus mume Seed Exhibits Inhibitory Effect on Skin Senescence via SIRT1 and MMP-1 Regulation.

Hyeong-U Son,Peijun Zhao,Solomon L Kim,Sang-Han Lee,Hansong I Lee,Tae-Ho Kim,Chae Gyeong Jeong,Hee-Jeong Choi,Md Badrul Alam,Bonggi Lee

doi:10.1155/2021/5528795

Abstract

The Prunus mume seed is a by-product of the food industry, and we studied its potential as a food biomaterial, particularly for nutraceutical and inner beauty products. Alternative animal tests showed that an extract of P. mume ripened seed (PmRS) was not toxic on the skin. PmRS exhibited protective effects against ultraviolet- (UV-) induced skin aging in mice, confirmed by phenotypic indications, including increased collagen levels and decreased skin thickness. Compared with the UV-saline group, the UV-PmRS group showed increased levels of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) and collagen and decreased matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 1 expression. The protective effect of PmRS treatment against UVB-mediated cell viability was observed in vitro without any cytotoxicity, and PmRS prevented UVB-induced reactive oxygen species generation in HaCaT cells. PmRS downregulated MMP-1 and MMP-13 compared with the UVB-irradiated group. However, mRNA expressions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and SIRT1 were upregulated by PmRS treatment. MMP-1 and SIRT1 treated with PmRS were decreased and increased, respectively, at the protein level. Moreover, PmRS treatment reduced c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 phosphorylation compared with the UVB-treated group. We postulate that P. mume seed could be a useful ingredient in nutraceuticals and inner beauty-purpose foods.

Highlights

Aging is a natural phenomenon, people try to reverse it to achieve a healthy and happy life [1]
The ripe fruit was divided into firm outer parts (c) and soft inner parts (d). (e) The aqueous extracts of unripe flesh (PmUF), ripe flesh (PmRF), and ripe seed (PmRS) were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. (f) Isocratic analysis was performed to measure the flavonoids
SIRTs (SIRT2, 4, 6, and 7) and MMPs (MMP-3, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 17) were not significantly regulated, and especially matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-)17 was decreased after UV exposure (Figure 5(a), rows 2–11). These results indicated that MMP-1 and SIRT1 were downregulated on MMP-1 expression as well as upregulated on SIRT1 expression in UVB-induced P. mume ripe seed (PmRS)-treated tissues

Summary

Introduction

Aging is a natural phenomenon, people try to reverse it to achieve a healthy and happy life [1]. Skin senescence occurs with increasing age, it can be affected by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Facial skin senescence differs among individuals of the same age. Skin aging is classified as either intrinsic (chronological) skin aging and/or photoaging. Intrinsic skin aging is accompanied by wrinkles, laxity, a dry or rough skin surface, a thin epidermis, and a saggy appearance [3, 4]. Of these two types of skin aging, photoaging is easier to study because of ease of control, rapid stimulation, possible dramatic effects using novel materials, and the low assay cost. Intrinsic skin aging is affected by photoaging.

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