Abstract
The possibility of obtaining new varieties of plum resistant to the Plum pox virus by using traditional breeding methods with resistant lines was assessed in 2007-2012. The source of the resistance was the plum variety ‘Jojo’ that shows a mechanism of local hypersensitivity, which results in the whole plant being resistant. The assessment covered 435 Prunus domestica seedlings from eleven F1 hybrid families which had been obtained with traditional breeding methods by crossing the variety ‘Jojo’ with other plum varieties. The results showed that the variety ‘Jojo’, used either as a maternal or paternal parent, can be a valuable parental form in plum breeding programmes aimed at obtaining varieties resistant to the sharka disease. Three highly hypersensitive genotypes were obtained: # 4, # 48, and # 186, and an additional 14 were selected for further evaluation. Their production value will be assessed in the coming years.
Highlights
The sharka disease, caused by the Plum pox virus (PPV), is a very serious disease of stone fruit trees, especially plum trees (Prunus domestica L.)
‘Jojo’, used either as a maternal or paternal parent, can be a valuable parental form in plum breeding programmes aimed at obtaining varieties resistant to the sharka disease
The few shoots that had not wilted showed abnormal growth. This was an indication that the three genotypes were hypersensitive to the sharka virus
Summary
The sharka disease, caused by the Plum pox virus (PPV), is a very serious disease of stone fruit trees, especially plum trees (Prunus domestica L.). It causes major damage in the form of deterioration in the quality of the fruit and reduction the fruit yield. PPV is transmitted with the plant material during budding and grafting. In orchards, it is further spread by aphids from the diseased trees to healthy ones. It is estimated that over the past 30 years, the losses caused by sharka worldwide can exceed 10 billion euros (Cambra, Capote, Myrta, & Llácer, 2006). Plum pox virus isolates belonging to strain D were detected in US (Levy et al, 2000) and Canada (Thompson et al, 2001)
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