Abstract
ABSTRACT The present study aimed to assess the influence of pruning on the starch yield and nutritional value of the aerial parts of industry- purpose cassava clones adapted to the Cerrado region of Central Brazil. Four elite clones were submitted to either total shoot pruning or no pruning at 12 months after planting, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plants were evaluated eighteen months after planting. Clone 330/09 presented the highest root yield with and without pruning, and also higher starch yield, green and dry mass yields, and crude protein yield of aerial parts without pruning. In plants that were pruned, clones 117/09 and 359/09 stood out, with higher yields of the crude protein content of the aerial part and a higher in vitro digestibility of the dry matter. These clones are therefore an option when using the aerial parts of cassava in animal feed. Total pruning at 12 months of age significantly increased the crude protein content and in vitro digestibility of the dry matter of the aerial parts, improving its nutritional value. Pruning did, however, reduce the starch yield of the roots and the total yields of the roots and aerial parts.
Highlights
Cassava is cultivated mainly for to its starchy roots, which is used in human food (RINALDI et al, 2015; RINALDI et al, 2019), animal feed (OLIVEIRA et al, 2014; GONÇALVES et al, 2015; FERNANDES et al, 2016; SUDARMAN et al, 2016; OLIVEIRA et al, 2017), and as a raw material for various industrialized products (ZHU, 2015)
Cassava shoots are used in animal feed (FERNANDES et al, 2016), since they contain, on average, 21% crude protein, with a variation of 17 to 40% depending on the plant cultivar, stage of maturity, soil fertility, and climate (RAVINDRAN, 1993), and include characteristics required for use as roughage in animal feed
There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the means of the clone and management system factors for all evaluated traits (Table 1). This indicates that the phenotypic manifestations of characters related to root yield and the nutritional value of shoots could be altered by both genetic and agricultural practices (SILVA et al, 2014; PASTRANA et al, 2015; OLIVEIRA et al, 2016; FUHRMANN et al, 2019)
Summary
Cassava is cultivated mainly for to its starchy roots, which is used in human food (RINALDI et al, 2015; RINALDI et al, 2019), animal feed (OLIVEIRA et al, 2014; GONÇALVES et al, 2015; FERNANDES et al, 2016; SUDARMAN et al, 2016; OLIVEIRA et al, 2017), and as a raw material for various industrialized products (ZHU, 2015). Except for dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and IVDDM of aerial parts, there was a significant interaction (p < 0.05) between the clone and management system factors (Tables 1 and 2), indicating that the clones evaluated responded differently to pruning management.
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