Prática educativa com pessoas que vivem com anemia falciforme : uma reflexão dialógica

Abstract

Study on the educational practice of nurses developed with people living with sickle cell anemia (HF), through nursing consultation. Hemoglobinopathies are the most frequent genetic disorder in humans, with sickle cell disease (DF), with the highest incidence of clinical, social and epidemiological impact. General objective: to understand the educational practice in health developed in the nursing consultation with people living with FA and attend the outpatient clinic of a Specialized Hospital in the treatment of blood diseases. A qualitative study, with a participatory approach, of the case study type. The participants were 07 nurses who attend the DF outpatient clinic and 14 people who live with AF and who attend this outpatient clinic. The scenario was the outpatient clinic of DF do Hemorio / RJ. Research approved by the CEP of the HUAP / UFF, as well as the CEP of the HEMORIO. Data were collected between August and October 2018 through a semi-structured interview, talk wheels and participant observation. The analysis of the data occurred through the Content Analysis of Bardin, of the Thematic type. A sociodemographic questionnaire was developed to characterize the research participants, where the data were organized in Excel spreadsheets and passed through univariate analysis using descriptive statistics, absolute and relative frequency measurements. The Registry Units (URs) favored the creation of two thematic categories: People living with Sickle Cell Anemia: a perspective of autonomy through dialogue; Experiences of People with Sickle Cell Anemia in a specialized outpatient clinic, followed by their subcategories. In the first category, all nurses reported the importance of multidisciplinary teamwork to achieve a quality result with this population, despite encountering some difficulties such as lack of resources in the institution. In the second category, most of the interviewees demonstrated the need to continue treatment in the outpatient clinic of DF to maintain their quality of life and to reduce the complications related to the disease. In addition to adherence, the patients reinforced the reorientations in relation to their life habits, from the implementation of the guidelines discussed in the nursing consultations. The results demonstrated the strong educational character of nursing consultations with patients in the outpatient clinic that contributed to improve the quality of life of these people. It is concluded that the educational practice in health developed in nursing consultations directly affects the way patients see and understand PA, recognizing limitations and difficulties in the treatment, contributing to self-care and prevention of complications