PrP Sc of scrapie 263K propagates efficiently in spleen and muscle tissues with protein misfolding cyclic amplification

Abstract

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders of protein conformation. This group of diseases is caused by infectious agents, termed prions, which can convert normal conformation (PrP C) into misfolded protein (PrP Sc). The infectivity of non-neuronal tissues has been wildly addressed, but the propagating features and the biochemical properties of prion generated from these tissues are only partially settled. In this study, utilizing protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), the in vitro conversion of PrP C into PrP Sc in spleen and muscle tissues can be induced by PrP Sc produced in vivo. The further propagation of newly formed PrP Sc in normal brain and some of the biochemical properties of new PrP Sc are similar as the brain-derived prions, implying the naturally infectious pathway of prion from peripheral generation to neuro-invasion. However, compared with the brain-derived PrP Sc, the weaker resistance of new PrP Sc to some inactivated agents, i.e. sodium hydroxide and thermal inactivation, are observed. Our data provide the reliable evidence that the brain-derived PrP Sc can utilize the PrP C from non-neuronal tissues for its propagation. Similarity of the replicative ability in PMCA in vitro and the infectivity in vivo highlights the possibility to use PMCA instead of bioassay to investigate the propagation of prion.