Abstract
This chapter focuses on the formal modeling of complex application scenarios using autonomic proximity-based federation among smart objects with wireless network connectivity, and proposes the middleware application framework to develop such complex application scenarios. Our modeling consists of three different levels. In the first-level modeling, each smart object is modeled as a set of ports, each of which represents an I/O interface for a function of this smart object to interoperate with some function of another smart object. The federation between a pair of smart objects having a pair of ports of the same type and opposite polarities is modeled as the port matching between these two ports. The second-level modeling describes the dynamic change of the federation structure among smart objects as a graph rewriting system, where each node and each link, respectively, represents a smart object and a connection between two smart objects. The third-level modeling uses a catalytic reaction network to describe each complex federation scenario in which more than one federation are involved, and an output federation of a reaction may work either as an input federation of another reaction and/or a catalyst to activate another composition or decomposition reaction.
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