Proximate composition, mineral content, phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activities of a wild edible fruit (Grewia sapida Roxb. ex DC.) found in Assam of North-East India

Abstract

Aim: The aim of present study was to investigate the nutritional composition, phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant activities of a wild edible fruit in order to document data for further basic research needs or to widen its use among common people. Methods: The fresh fruits of Grewia sapida Roxb. ex DC. were collected from the Chirang district of Bodoland Territorial Area Districts of Assam, identified and freeze dried. Proximate composition, minerals content and phytochemical constituents were analyzed following standard and reported methods. The antioxidant activities of methanol extract were evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-Azinobis (3-ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays. Results: The results obtained were reported and discussed. The phytochemical screening of different solvent extracts revealed that fruits contained a number of medicinally active secondary metabolites. The study showed antioxidant properties having IC50 value of 257.666 ± 2.516 μg/mL (DPPH) and 134.33 ± 4.041 μg/mL (ABTS). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in G. sapida fruit were found to be 294.353 ± 4.696 mg GAE/g dried extract and 116.95 ± 10.71 mg QE/g dried extract respectively. Conclusion: The study suggests that G. sapida fruit could be a good source of minerals and natural antioxidants, and studied further for its beneficial effect in human health.