Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a public health problem in developing countries. Consumption of orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) varieties has been proven to be a valuable strategy for VAD alleviation. In this work, OFSP flour was incorporated into wheat flour at 15, 25, 35, and 50% (w/w) and used to prepare baked products. The bioaccessibility of provitamin A carotenoids of OFSP baking products was performed according to an in vitro digestion model. The contribution of OFSP-wheat composite baking products to vitamin A requirements was evaluated. Relatively high amounts (98.70±2.17-144.42±1.31 μg/g DM) of total carotenoids in OFSP flours was reported in Kakamega-7-Irene, Kabode, and Covington cultivars. The recovery of provitamin A carotenoid in baking products containing 15, 25, 35, and 50% OFSP flour was 1031.04±6.36-3364.21±10.22 μg/100 g for cupcakes and 1009.19±10.38-4640.72±13.43 μg/100 g for cookies, respectively. The in vitro bioaccessibility of provitamin A carotenoids of OFSP composite cupcake ranged from 12.53 to 27.21% while that of OFSP composite cookies was significantly different (p ˂ 0.05) and ranged from 15.99 to 27.84%. The results also showed that cupcake and cookies containing 35% and 50% OFSP flours could be used to fight vitamin A deficiency in Côte d’Ivoire as they were found to meet 50 and more than 100% (161% for 100 g portion) of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin A for children aged 3-10 years. Finally, our results may support adoption of OFSP varieties in order to decrease the risk of vitamin A deficiency in Côte d’Ivoire.
Highlights
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains one of the major health problems among pre-school children, pregnant and lactating women in developing countries, especially in Africa and Southeast Asia (WHO, 2018)
Flour from dried orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) was evaluated for moisture content ranging between 4.50±0.09% and 7.95±0.05% (Table 1)
Analysis of provitamin A carotenoid content of OFSP flour indicated values (p < 0.05) ranged from 98.70±2.17 to 144.42±1.31 μg/g DM (Table 1) with Covington having the highest content whereas the lowest content was found in Kabode cultivar
Summary
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains one of the major health problems among pre-school children, pregnant and lactating women in developing countries, especially in Africa and Southeast Asia (WHO, 2018). The World Health Organization reported that vitamin A deficiency affects about 250 million preschool children, and 19 million pregnant women in developing countries (WHO, 2017). It is well known that low dietary intake of vitamin A or β-carotene-rich foods, such as oil, fish, eggs, and milk, constitute a major contributing factor to VAD prevalence. OFSP as a β-carotene-rich crop to partly replace white-fleshed cultivars in diets constitutes a suitable alternative to fight vitamin A deficiency as reported by some authors (Tumwegamire et al, 2004). Earlier studies documented the positive effect of OFSP supplementation on vitamin A status of population in low-income countries. Research studies in South Africa demonstrated the efficacy of OFSP as a bioavailable source of vitamin A (Jaarsveld et al, 2005), and community-level research in Mozambique jas.ccsenet.org
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