Abstract
Haptic information originates from a different human sense (touch), therefore the quality of service (QoS) required to support haptic traffic is significantly different from that used to support conventional real-time traffic such as voice or video. Each type of network impairment has different (and severe) impacts on the user's haptic experience. There has been no specific provision of QoS parameters for haptic interaction. Previous research into distributed haptic virtual environments (DHVEs) have concentrated on synchronization of positions (haptic device or virtual objects), and are based on client-server architectures. We present a new peer-to-peer DHVE architecture that further extends this to enable force interactions between two users whereby force data are sent to the remote peer in addition to positional information. The work presented involves both simulation and practical experimentation where multimodal data is transmitted over a QoS-enabled IP network. Both forms of experiment produce consistent results which show that the use of specific QoS classes for haptic traffic will reduce network delay and jitter, leading to improvements in users' haptic experiences with these types of applications.
Highlights
There has been recent interest in the transmission of multimodal information over the Internet [1], and in particular the transmission of haptic information [2, 3]
The contributions of the work presented in this paper are: (i) a new peer-to-peer distributed haptic virtual environments (DHVEs) application has been developed in order to generate haptic traffic [10], (ii) from analysis of the traffic, a custom OPNET probability density function (PDF) model [3] has been developed and used in the simulations in order to allow us to examine large-scale haptic traffic, (iii) examination of the behaviour of haptic traffic in multimodal systems when carried over an IP network with and without quality of service (QoS), (iv) an empirical investigation into the network parameters required for haptic traffic transmission over a QoS-enabled IP network, and subsequently (v) we provide recommendations to improve the transmission of haptic traffic by using Class-based weight fair queue (CBWFQ) and an implementation of Diffserv’s code point (DSCP) QoS mechanism
This paper presents a study into the provision of QoS for (DHVEs) whenever they are provided over QoS-enabled packet switched networks such as the generation Internet
Summary
There has been recent interest in the transmission of multimodal information over the Internet [1], and in particular the transmission of haptic information [2, 3] This paper involves research into how new types of distributed applications which involve haptic devices, in addition to visual and aural information, can be carried over the Internet. It considers an emerging class of applications that enable users to interact haptically with virtual environments. In addition to audio and visual information, the provision of haptic feedback (the sense of touch) can profoundly improve the way we interact with virtual environments. HVE uses include military and space exploration; the sense of touch will enable blind people to interact with each other within a virtual environment. A Similar setup is applied to the egress interface of Router
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