Proton-Induced Radiation Damage in BaF2, LYSO, and PWO Crystal Scintillators

Abstract

Future high-energy physics experiments at the energy and intensity frontiers will face a challenge of severe radiation environment from both ionization dose and charged and neutral hadrons. The high-luminosity large hadron collider, for example, will present an environment, where up to 130 Mrad ionization dose, $3 \times 10^{14}$ charged hadrons/cm2 and $5 \times 10^{15}$ neutrons/cm2 are expected. In this paper, we report our investigation on charged hadron-induced radiation damage in BaF2, LYSO/LFS, and PWO crystals up to $3 \times 10^{15}$ protons/cm2 by using 800-MeV protons at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Comparison is made between radiation damages induced by protons and ionization dose alone.