Proton NMR kinetic study of ligand exchange on bis(1,4-dithiane)platinum(II), bis(1,4-dithiane)palladium(II), and tetrakis(dimethyl sulfide)platinum(II)

Abstract

Ligand exchange on square-planar Pt(1,4-dithiane)2(2+), Pd(1,4-dithiane)2(2+), and Pt(Me2S)4(2+) has been studied as a function of temperature and pressure by H-1 NMR line-broadening, isotopic labeling, and magnetization transfer experiments with deuteriated nitromethane as solvent. Second-order rate constants and activation parameters are as follows: for 1,4-dithiane exchange on Pt(1,4-dithiane)2(2+), k2(298) = 28.8 +/- 4.8 m-1 s-1, DELTA-H double-ended dagger = 32.9 +/- 3.6 kJ mol-1, DELTA-S double-ended dagger = -106 +/- 11 J K-1 mol-1, and DELTA-V double-ended dagger = -12.6 +/- 1.1 cm3 mol-1; for 1,4-dithiane exchange on Pd(1,4-dithiane)2(2+), k2(298) = 9780 +/- 300 m-1 s-1, DELTA-H double-ended dagger = 22.9 +/- 0.6 kJ mol-1, DELTA-S double-ended dagger = -91.6 +/- 2.1 J K-1 mol-1, and DELTA-V double-ended dagger = -9.8 +/- 0.4 cm3 mol-1; for Me2S exchange on Pt(Me2S)4(2+), k2(298) = 1.54 +/- 0.07 m-1 s-1, DELTA-H double-ended dagger = 42.1 +/- 0.7 kJ mol-1, DELTA-S double-ended dagger = -100.2 +/- 2.2 J K-1 mol-1, and DELTA-V double-ended dagger = -22.0 +/- 1.3 cm3 mol-1. Second-order kinetics and negative entropies and volumes of activation indicate associative, I(a) or A, exchange mechanisms. For both metal centers, exchange of the chelated and strongly bound 1,4-dithiane, corrected for statistics, is faster than that of Me2S, probably due to steric factors. The ratio in reactivity for Pd/Pt is only ca. 1300 for Me2S and 340 for 1,4-dithiane, indicating a more pronounced sensitivity of Pt(II) to the electronic properties of the coordinated and entering ligands. Accordingly, activation volumes are more negative in the case of platinum. DELTA-V double-ended dagger for the Me2S exchange on Pt(II) is the most negative one reported so far for a square-planar solvent exchange. (Less)