Protocolo terapéutico de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda

Abstract

Acute heart failure (AHF) is defined as a rapid onset in the signs and symptoms of HF in a patient without previously known cardiac dysfunction (AHF de novo) or acute worsening of pre-existing chronic HF (Chronic heart failure decompensated). AHF is a potentially deadly syndrome and often requires hospitalisation in coronary care and intensive care units. The goals of the treatment are to achieve clinical stability and improve the prognosis in terms of mortality. Therapeutic approach in AHF includes the biological parameters monitoring, and the use pharmacological therapy or invasive techniques according to patient's clinical profile. Therapy protocol is reviewed in the present update, focused on the use of drugs routinely prescribed, its mechanisms of action, indications and contraindications and side effects. Where evidence is necessary Guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) are presented.