Protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico del fenómeno de Raynaud

Abstract

IntroductionRaynaud phenomenon consists of vasospastic episodes triggered by cold or stress that typically manifest with cyanosis or pallor in fingers, followed by erythema due to reperfusion. It affects 3-5% of the population, with female predominance (7:1). ClassificationIt can be primary, when it appears in an isolated way without an underlying disease, or secondary, when it is associated to an autoimmune disease, generally. The former case is owed to an exaggeration of the physiological vasoconstriction, and in the latter to microvascular changes that trigger more severe episodes and eventually trophic changes. DiagnosisAnamnesis and physical examination must be oriented towards detecting a possible underlying autoimmune disease, and must be completed with autoimmunity and conducting a Capilaroscopy. TreatmentTreatment base are calcium channel blockers, and in more severe cases prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists or phosphodiesterase inhibitors.