Abstract
Ascites is defined as the accumulation of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. The three most common causes for the development of ascites are hydropic decompensation in the context of liver cirrhosis (85%), malignant neoplasms (7%), and heart failure. Approximately 5% of patients have more than one cause. Successful treatment depends on an accurate diagnosis of the cause of ascites; for example, peritoneal carcinomatosis does not respond to diuretic treatment.
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