Protocol and baseline characteristics for a community health worker-led hypertension and diabetes management program for South Asians in Atlanta: The DREAM Atlanta study

Abstract

BackgroundSouth Asians are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (DMII) and comorbid hypertension (HTN). Community health worker (CHW) interventions have been shown to improve chronic disease outcomes, yet few have been tailored for South Asians. This paper describes the study protocol and baseline characteristics of an evidence-based CHW intervention to improve blood pressure (BP) control among South Asian adults with diabetes and comorbid HTN in Atlanta, GA. MethodsA total of 195 South Asian adults were randomized to treatment and control groups, and of these 190 completed baseline surveys (97 treatment group and 93 control group). The treatment group receives five group education sessions on DMII and HTN management and two one-on-one goal setting sessions. MeasuresPrimary outcomes include feasibility, acceptability, and BP control (systolic blood pressure [SBP] <130 and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] <80). Secondary outcomes included changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), weight, diabetes self-efficacy, diet, and physical activity. Baseline resultsOf the enrolled sample, 56% are female and mean age is 56.0 (±11.7). All participants are foreign-born. Mean SBP was 139.2 ± 4.3 and mean DBP was 84.7 ± 9.5. Intervention outcomes are measured at baseline and 6-month endpoint for both study groups. ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this study is the first to document the efficacy of a HTN and DMII management intervention among South Asian adults in Atlanta, GA. Future findings of the submitted protocol will fill an important gap on the translation and adaption of evidence-based interventions that have relevance to immigrant and minority populations.Clinical trials registration: NCT04263311