Abstract
1α,25(OH)2VD3 is the most active form of VD3 in animals. It plays an important role in regulating mineral metabolism but also in reproduction. Testes are the main reproductive organs of male mammals. Our research aims to reveal the effect of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides on development of early testes in piglets. 140 weaned 21-day old piglets were selected. The piglets were randomly divided into four groups and were fed a commercial diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 4 μg/kg of 1α,25(OH)2VD3, provided as 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides. Sixty days after the start of the experiment, at piglet age 82 days, testes were harvested. The morphology and histology of early testicular development were assessed. In addition, the proteomic TMT/iTRAQ labelling technique was used to analyse the protein profile of the testes in each group. Western blotting was applied to verify the target of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). The analysis of morphology and histology of testes showed that a certain concentration of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides had a positive and significant effect on testicular development. And the results of proteomics analysis showed that of the identified 132,715 peptides, 122,755 were unique peptides. 7852 proteins, of which 6573 proteins contain quantitative information. Screening for DAPs focused on proteins closely related to the regulation of testicular development such as steroid hormone synthesis, steroid biosynthesis, peroxisome and fatty acid metabolism pathways. These results indicated that 1α,25(OH)2VD3 is involved in the regulation of early testicular development in piglets. At the same time, these findings provide valuable information for the proteins involved in the regulation of testicular development, and help to better understand the mechanisms of 1α,25(OH)2VD3 in regulating the development of piglets’ testes.
Highlights
1α,25(OH)2VD3 is the most active form of Vitamin D3 (VD3) in animals
Testicular weight distribution was shifted to the right in accordance to higher levels of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides added to the diet (Fig. 1D)
Analysis of testicular development phenotype data in this study showed that 4 μg/kg of 1α,25(OH)2VD3glycosides from Solanum glaucophyllum had a positive effect on the weight and volume of tested at 84 d of age
Summary
1α,25(OH)2VD3 is the most active form of VD3 in animals It plays an important role in regulating mineral metabolism and in reproduction. Our research aims to reveal the effect of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides on development of early testes in piglets. The analysis of morphology and histology of testes showed that a certain concentration of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides had a positive and significant effect on testicular development. Screening for DAPs focused on proteins closely related to the regulation of testicular development such as steroid hormone synthesis, steroid biosynthesis, peroxisome and fatty acid metabolism pathways. These results indicated that 1α,25(OH)2VD3 is involved in the regulation of early testicular development in piglets. There is only a limited amount of research on the influence of 1α,25(OH)2VD3glycosides from plant origin on reproductive development
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