Abstract
Rice is a critically important food source but yields worldwide are vulnerable to periods of drought. We exposed eight genotypes of upland and lowland rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica and indica) to drought stress at the late vegetative stage, and harvested leaves for label-free shotgun proteomics. Gene ontology analysis was used to identify common drought-responsive proteins in vegetative tissues, and leaf proteins that are unique to individual genotypes, suggesting diversity in the metabolic responses to drought. Eight proteins were found to be induced in response to drought stress in all eight genotypes. A total of 213 proteins were identified in a single genotype, 83 of which were increased in abundance in response to drought stress. In total, 10 of these 83 proteins were of a largely uncharacterized function, making them candidates for functional analysis and potential biomarkers for drought tolerance.
Highlights
Rice, corn, and wheat are the three primary crops cultivated for human consumption, contributing 60% of humankind’s dietary energy requirements [1]
These included four lowland varieties, which are not known to be stress tolerant (Doongara, Mahsuri, Nipponbare, and Reiziq) and four upland varieties: IAC1131, which is drought tolerant; IDSA77 and IR2006-P12, which are tolerant to high temperatures; and N22, which is tolerant to high temperatures and drought
Plants were grown to the late vegetative stage (70 days), the soil water content was reduced to 50% field capacity for 10 days, watering was withheld to induce severe drought stress
Summary
Corn, and wheat are the three primary crops cultivated for human consumption, contributing 60% of humankind’s dietary energy requirements [1]. Because of its evolutionary origins as a wetland species, rice is unsurprisingly considered to be one of the most susceptible crops to drought stresses and high yield losses have been reported [2]. There is evidence for a degree of drought tolerance in upland genotypes [3], resulting in the prospect of assuring yields in environments with an unreliable water supply. Improved tolerance to transient droughts during vegetative development is required to secure yields, in the arc of upland growing regions that includes the sub-continent, China, and Southeast Asia [4]. Developmental stage, and environmental factors, the response to drought stress varies [5]. Studying the expressed proteome of different genotypes of rice at a specific growth stage under environmental stress enables us to achieve two goals. We can better understand the molecular response of rice to water deficits, and we can identify variations in the response of individual accessions to drought
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