Abstract
Low temperature at the seedling stage is a major damaging factor for rice production in southern China. To better understand the cold response of cultivated and wild rice, cold-sensitive cultivar 93–11 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. Indica) and cold-resistant hybrid wild rice DC907 with a 93–11 genetic background were used for a quantitative proteomic analysis with tandem mass tags (TMT) in parallel. Rice seedlings grown for four weeks at a normal temperature (25°C) were treated at 8–10°C for 24, 72 and 120 h. The number of differentially expressed proteins increased gradually over time in the cold-exposed rice in comparison with the untreated rice. A total of 366 unique proteins involved in ATP synthesis, photosystem, reactive oxygen species, stress response, cell growth and integrity were identified as responding to cold stress in DC907. While both DC907 and 93–11 underwent similar alterations in proteomic profiles in response to cold stress, DC907 responded in a prompter manner in terms of expressing cold-responding proteins, maintained a higher level of photosynthesis to power the cells, and possessed a stable and higher level of DIR proteins to prevent the plant from obtaining irreversible cell structure damage. The observations made in this study may lay a new foundation for further investigation of cold sensitivity or tolerance mechanisms in rice.
Highlights
Low temperature is a major environmental stress affecting plant growth
Our results show that cold-tolerant DC907 was different from cold-sensitive 93–11 in its protein expression pattern
Based on our previous observations that 93–11 primarily survived cold stress for 24 h but died completely after 120 h and wild rice survived at both conditions, we opted to use 24, 72, and 120 h as the times for proteomic analysis
Summary
Low temperature is a major environmental stress affecting plant growth. Chilling stress causes water reduction and osmotic changes in the cellular milieu and suppresses the activities of cellular macromolecules, resulting in reduced growth and extensive losses in agricultural production [1]. Molecular genetic studies have already identified components of cold tolerance, such as CTB4a, which confers cold resistance by mediating ATP supply [4], and the WRKY gene superfamily in rice [5]. COLD1, as one of the best-characterized rice genes, is considered as a regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) that regulates Ca2+ signaling in cells and confers chilling tolerance in rice [2, 6]. The dehydrin gene OsDhn has been identified as being highly expressed in developing seeds under low temperatures and protects rice floral organs against
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