Abstract
Sporotrichum thermophile, a known producer of industrial enzymes exhibited stability in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs).The study reports, for the first time, the stress response of S. thermophile upon exposure to ILs. In vitro assay showed increased anti-oxidative enzyme levels indicating ROS-mediated oxidative stress by ILs. The proteomic profile and identification of differential proteins confirmed the fungal adaptations by (i) increased expression of glycolytic enzymes and ATP synthases (ii) downregulation of TCA cycle and protein synthesis machinery components (iii) expression of HSP70 and catalase/peroxidase. These changes are indicative of metabolic regulation of many important pathways and how ILs can be used to manipulate protein behavior.
Highlights
Ionic liquids (ILs) constitute a new class of solvents with a promising future in the field of green technology (Smiglak et al 2014)
[EMIM][OAc]; c In the presence of 0.5% (v/v) [BMIM][BF4]; d Venn diagram representing the overlapping of proteins between the control and ionic liquids (ILs)-treated S. thermophile cells
Similar trend was observed for glutathione reductase activity which was found to be highest at 4.0% (v/v) [EMIM][OAc] (15.0 U/mL as compared to 6.0 U/mL in control) after 72 h
Summary
Ionic liquids (ILs) constitute a new class of solvents with a promising future in the field of green technology (Smiglak et al 2014) These solvents, organic salts by nature, exhibit unique properties like negligible vapor pressure, high solvating ability and thermal stability. They simultaneously offer the advantage of being modifiable, which confers on them different properties based on the cation and anion modified. The lignocellulosic biomass is quite recalcitrant in nature due to the presence of cellulose component It is pre-treated with ILs in the first step to loosen it or to make it accessible for enzymemediated saccharification in the subsequent step
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