Abstract

Systemic inflammatory responses of mammals and bony fish are primarily driven by coordinated up-regulation and down-regulation of plasma acute-phase proteins. Although this general principle is believed to be universal among vertebrates, it remains relatively unexplored in elasmobranchs. The objective of this study was to characterize acute changes in the plasma proteome of three yellow stingrays Urobatis jamaicensis following intraperitoneal injection with a commercial Vibrio bacterin. Changes in plasma protein levels were analyzed immediately prior to vaccination (time 0) and at 24 and 72 h post-injection by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ 4-plex) using shotgun-based nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis and de novo peptide sequencing. Pooled 2D-LC-MS/MS and de novo sequencing data revealed differential expression of 156 distinct plasma proteins between time 0 and at least one post-vaccination time point. Using 1.5-fold change in expression as physiologically significant, 14/156 (9.0%) proteins were upregulated in at least one stingray through at least one experimental timepoint. Upregulated proteins included complement factors, Mx-protein, hemopexin, factor X and prothrombin. Seventy-six of 156 (48.7%) proteins were downregulated in the acute-phase response, including transferrin, apolipoprotein B, heparin cofactor 2, alpha2-macroglobulin, and various growth factors. Other differentially upregulated or downregulated proteins included intracellular, cell binding and structural proteins, proteins involved in physiologic processes, and unknown/hypothetical proteins. Selected bioactive factors are discussed for their putative roles in the elasmobranchs acute-phase response. These findings contribute to our understanding of disease processes in elasmobranchs, immunologic phylogeny in vertebrates, and begin the search for potential biomarkers of disease in these ecologically important fish.

Full Text
Paper version not known

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.