Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk, and altered biological properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) may play a role in these events. This study aimed to describe the HDL proteome from non-diabetic hemodialysis patients and identify potential pathways affected by the dysregulated expression of HDL proteins. HDL were sampled from nine non-diabetic hemodialysis (HD) and eight control patients. Samples were analyzed using a nano-RSLC coupled with a Q-Orbitrap. Data were processed by database searching using SequestHT against a human Swissprot database and quantified with a label-free quantification approach. Proteins that were in at least five of the eight control and six of the nine HD patients were analyzed. Analysis was based on pairwise ratios and the ANOVA hypothesis test. Among 522 potential proteins, 326 proteins were identified to be in the HDL proteome from HD and control patients, among which 10 were significantly upregulated and nine downregulated in HD patients compared to the control patients (p < 0.05). Up and downregulated proteins were involved in lipid metabolism, hemostasis, wound healing, oxidative stress, and apoptosis pathways. This difference in composition could partly explain HDL dysfunction in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population and participate in the higher cardiovascular risk observed in this population.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk [1]
The failure of statins to reduce the cardiovascular risk of hemodialysis (HD) patients has recently led researchers to focus on the specific properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) among this population [2,3]
CKD leads to a unique phenotype of dyslipidemia with impaired lipoprotein metabolism, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk [1]. HDL are essential lipoproteins that exert several atheroprotective properties, among which are the induction of cholesterol efflux from peripheral macrophages and anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, vasoprotective, and anti-aggregant effects [4] These atheroprotective properties of HDL are found to be deeply impaired in CKD and in HD patients [5]. CKD leads to a unique phenotype of dyslipidemia with impaired lipoprotein metabolism, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients In those patients, there is an accumulation of triglyceride-rich particles, mainly very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and chylomicrons. Since HDL proteome composition can directly influence the biological functions of this lipoprotein, we chose to use a high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis and label-free quantification approach to investigate the proteomic composition of HDL isolated from non-diabetic HD patients Such quantification of HDL protein composition should be useful in identifying new markers of HDL dysfunction and assessing cardiovascular risk among HD patients
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