Abstract
BackgroundCompartmentalization is a unique feature of eukaryotes that helps in maintaining cellular homeostasis not only in intra- and inter-organellar context, but also between the cells and the external environment. Plant cells are highly compartmentalized with a complex metabolic network governing various cellular events. The membranes are the most important constituents in such compartmentalization, and membrane-associated proteins play diverse roles in many cellular processes besides being part of integral component of many signaling cascades.ResultsTo obtain valuable insight into the dynamic repertoire of membrane proteins, we have developed a proteome reference map of a grain legume, chickpea, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. MALDI-TOF/TOF and LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis led to the identification of 91 proteins involved in a variety of cellular functions viz., bioenergy, stress-responsive and signal transduction, metabolism, protein synthesis and degradation, among others. Significantly, 70% of the identified proteins are putative integral membrane proteins, possessing transmembrane domains.ConclusionsThe proteomic analysis revealed many resident integral membrane proteins as well as membrane-associated proteins including those not reported earlier. To our knowledge, this is the first report of membrane proteome from aerial tissues of a crop plant. The findings may provide a better understanding of the biochemical machinery of the plant membranes at the molecular level that might help in functional genomics studies of different developmental pathways and stress-responses.
Highlights
Compartmentalization is a unique feature of eukaryotes that helps in maintaining cellular homeostasis in intra- and inter-organellar context, and between the cells and the external environment
It was systematically assessed for the enrichment of various subcellular membranous components using standard marker enzyme assays viz., vanadate, azide, nitrate-sensitive ATPase and latent Inosine Diphosphatase (IDPase) for plasma membrane, mitochondrial membrane, tonoplast and Golgi membranes, respectively
Most plant membrane proteomes till date have been developed from roots, the notable exceptions being leaves [57], trichomes [58], seedlings [59], and aerial tissues
Summary
Compartmentalization is a unique feature of eukaryotes that helps in maintaining cellular homeostasis in intra- and inter-organellar context, and between the cells and the external environment. The membranes are the most important constituents in such compartmentalization, and membrane-associated proteins play diverse roles in many cellular processes besides being part of integral component of many signaling cascades. Membranes are highly organized structures specially adapted to perform multiple functions in eukaryotic cells. They constitute the interface between the various cellular compartments and play a critical role in the exchange of substances and signals. 30% of the cellular proteome is represented by membrane proteins [1] These proteins perform some of the most important functions, including the regulation of cell signaling, cell-cell interactions, and intracellular compartmentalization [2]
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