Abstract
Collagen membranes and matrices being widely used in guided bone regeneration and soft tissue augmentation have characteristic properties based on their composition. The respective proteomic signatures have not been identified. Here, we performed a high-resolution shotgun proteomic analysis on two porcine collagen-based biomaterials designed for guided bone regeneration and soft tissue augmentation. Three lots each of a porcine-derived collagen membrane and a matrix derived from peritoneum and/or skin were digested and separated by nano-reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The peptides were subjected to mass spectrometric detection and analysis. A total of 37 proteins identified by two peptides were present in all collagen membranes and matrices, with 11 and 16 proteins being exclusively present in the membrane and matrix, respectively. The common extracellular matrix proteins include fibrillar collagens (COL1A1, COL1A2, COL2A1, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL5A2, COL5A3, COL11A2), non-fibrillar collagens (COL4A2, COL6A1, COL6A2, COL6A3, COL7A1, COL16A1, COL22A1), and leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans (DCN, LUM, BGN, PRELP, OGN). The structural proteins vimentin, actin-based microfilaments (ACTB), annexins (ANXA1, ANXA5), tubulins (TUBA1B, TUBB), and histones (H2A, H2B, H4) were also identified. Examples of membrane-only proteins are COL12A1 and COL14A1, and, of matrix only proteins, elastin (ELN). The proteomic signature thus revealed the similarities between but also some individual proteins of collagen membrane and matrix.
Highlights
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a technique in which a membrane covers a bony defect for space provision and excluding soft tissue ingrowth [1,2]
The cells infiltrating the collagen membranes were starting to be characterized in rat [9] and mouse subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation models [10]
We identified proteins that are not considered to be characteristic of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as vimentin (VIM), a structural protein that, along with tubulin-based microtubules (TUBA1B, TUBB)
Summary
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a technique in which a membrane covers a bony defect for space provision and excluding soft tissue ingrowth [1,2]. The outcomes of this technique have been supported by various histologic [2] and clinical findings [3]. GBR membranes might directly enhance bone regeneration in rat tibias [4,7] and in murine calvaria defect models [8]. The cells infiltrating the collagen membranes were starting to be characterized in rat [9] and mouse subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation models [10]. Notwithstanding the pertinent interests in this issue, there is limited insight into the proteomic signature of collagen membranes
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