Abstract
Classical activation of macrophages induces a wide range of signaling and vesicle trafficking events to produce a more aggressive cellular phenotype. The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is crucial for the regulation of immune responses. In the current study, we used a large scale proteomics approach to analyze the change in protein composition of the MT-associated protein (MAP) network by macrophage stimulation with the inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma and the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. Overall the analysis identified 409 proteins that bound directly or indirectly to MTs. Of these, 52 were up-regulated 2-fold or greater and 42 were down-regulated 2-fold or greater after interferon-gamma/lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Bioinformatics analysis based on publicly available binary protein interaction data produced a putative interaction network of MAPs in activated macrophages. We confirmed the up-regulation of several MAPs by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analysis. More detailed analysis of one up-regulated protein revealed a role for HSP90beta in stabilization of the MT cytoskeleton during macrophage activation.
Highlights
Classical activation of macrophages induces a wide range of signaling and vesicle trafficking events to produce a more aggressive cellular phenotype
We showed that classical activation of macrophages with IFN-␥ and LPS enhances cell spreading and particle binding necessary for enhanced killing during inflammatory events
We revealed the composition of MT-associated protein (MAP) in a mammalian cell that rapidly modulates its MT cytoskeleton to perform acute and essential immune functions
Summary
Classical activation of macrophages induces a wide range of signaling and vesicle trafficking events to produce a more aggressive cellular phenotype. We observed that classical activation of murine resident peritoneal or RAW264.7 macrophages with a combination of IFN-␥ and LPS induces an increase in stabilized cytoplasmic MTs [5].
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