Abstract
BackgroundPlacental syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STBM) are shed into the maternal circulation during normal pregnancy. STBM circulate in significantly increased amounts in preeclampsia (PE) and are considered to be among contributors to the exaggerated proinflammatory, procoagulant state of PE. However, protein composition of STBM in normal pregnancy and PE remains unknown. We therefore sought to determine the protein components of STBM and whether STBM protein expressions differ in preeclamptic and normal pregnancies.Patients with PE (n = 3) and normal pregnant controls (n = 6) were recruited. STBM were prepared from placental explant culture supernatant. STBM proteins were analyzed by a combination of 1D Gel-LC-MS/MS. Protein expressions levels were quantified using spectral counts and validated by immunohistochemistry.ResultsOver 400 proteins were identified in the STBM samples. Among these, 25 proteins were found to be differentially expressed in preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnant controls, including integrins, annexins and histones.ConclusionSTBM proteins include those that are implicated in immune response, coagulation, oxidative stress, apoptosis as well as lipid metabolism pathways. Differential protein expressions of STBM suggest their pathophysiological relevance in PE.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1559-0275-11-40) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Placental syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STBM) are shed into the maternal circulation during normal pregnancy
Our objectives were to determine protein and peptide components of STBM that can incite pathogenic responses in pregnancy complications and explore whether these STBM protein expressions differ in pathologic (i.e., PE) and normal pregnancies
The current study aimed to investigate protein composition of placental microvesicles in health and disease which has not been reported to date
Summary
Placental syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STBM) are shed into the maternal circulation during normal pregnancy. Human placental syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STBM) are shed into the maternal circulation in normal pregnancy and are significantly increased in preeclampsia (PE) [5]. STBM are proinflammatory [6,7,8], procoagulant [9], and anti-angiogenic [10,11] in normal pregnancy Some of these characteristics are known to be exaggerated in (PE) [9,10]; the Proteomes of microvesicles derived from platelets, plasma, malignant lymphocytes, endothelial cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, and intestinal epithelial cells have been published [12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Microvesicles released by apoptotic cells do contain nuclear and organeller proteins, DNA, messenger and microRNA. Both exosomes and microvesicles may provide unconventional routes of protein secretion [20]
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