Proteomic Analysis of Chrysanthemum Lateral Buds after Removing Apical Dominance Based on Label-Free Technology

Sicong Zheng,Cheng Luo,Beibei Jiang,Jingjing Song,Qinglin Liu,Qiqi Ma,Xin Li,Yuanzhi Pan

doi:10.32604/phyton.2022.017629

Abstract

Studying the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of chrysanthemum lateral bud outgrowth is of great significance for reduction the production cost of cut chrysanthemum. To clarify the molecular basis of lateral bud elongation after removal of apical dominance in chrysanthemum, label-free quantification analysis was used to analyze the proteome changes after apical bud removal. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to analyze the changes in the expression of three plant hormone-related genes. A total of 440 differentially expressed proteins were successfully identified at three time points during the lateral bud elongation. The number of differentially expressed proteins in the three stages (24 h/0 h, 48 h/0 h, 48 h/24 h) were 219, 332, and 97, respectively. The difference in expressed proteins in the three comparison stages mainly involves RNA processing and modification; translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis; Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones. Path analysis showed that there was various physiological activities in the process of lateral bud dormancy breaking and elongation, which involved energy metabolism, biosynthesis, signal transduction and stress response in the growth process of lateral buds. qPCR indicated that the expression of cytokinin synthesis related gene was significantly increased after the removal of apical dominance, while the expression of strigolactones synthesis related gene experiences a dramatic fall to promote the development of the lateral buds. However, there was a drop before a slight increase in the expression of the auxin synthesis related gene, which was mainly due to the removal of apical dominance that led to the loss of indoleacetic acid in the main stem. However, with formation of the new apical source, indoleacetic acid can be released again.

Highlights

Cut chrysanthemum is one of the four major cut flowers in the world, and it is China’s main cut flower and an advantageous export flower product
3.1 Lateral Bud Development in Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Jinba’ The formation and elongation of lateral branches are inhibited before the apical bud is removed due to the existence of apical dominance
3.2 Protein Identification and Quantification Label-free nanoscale LC-MS quantitative proteomics was used to analyze proteins obtained from developing lateral buds of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Jinba’, which were collected at 0, 24 and 48 h after removing the apical buds

Summary

Introduction

Cut chrysanthemum is one of the four major cut flowers in the world, and it is China’s main cut flower and an advantageous export flower product. Single-headed chrysanthemum is the main type of cut chrysanthemum [1]. Most single-headed cut chrysanthemum varieties have numerous lateral buds, and the manual removal method in production has led to increased labor costs and management difficulties in cut flower production. The pinching cost of the main cut chrysanthemum variety ‘Jinba’ accounts for about 1/3 of its production cost, and it is increasing year by year [2,3]. 2022, vol., no.3 standard cut chrysanthemum varieties with few or no lateral branches is one of the goals of cut chrysanthemum breeding. The exploration of the regulation mechanism of chrysanthemum branching can provide a theoretical basis for the development of chrysanthemum branching control technology

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion