Proteome Profiling of Wheat Shoots from Different Cultivars.

Lam Dai Vu,Frederik Coppens,Kris Gevaert,Elisabeth Stes,Ive De Smet,Michiel Van Bel,Inge Verstraeten

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.00332

Abstract

Wheat is a cereal grain and one of the world’s major food crops. Recent advances in wheat genome sequencing are by now facilitating its genomic and proteomic analyses. However, little is known about possible differences in total protein levels of hexaploid versus tetraploid wheat cultivars, and also knowledge of phosphorylated wheat proteins is still limited. Here, we performed a detailed analysis of the proteome of seedling leaves from two hexaploid wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L. Pavon 76 and USU-Apogee) and one tetraploid wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum cv. Senatore Cappelli). Our shotgun proteomics data revealed that, whereas we observed some significant differences, overall a high similarity between hexaploid and tetraploid varieties with respect to protein abundance was observed. In addition, already at the seedling stage, a small set of proteins was differential between the small (USU-Apogee) and larger hexaploid wheat cultivars (Pavon 76), which could potentially act as growth predictors. Finally, the phosphosites identified in this study can be retrieved from the in-house developed plant PTM-Viewer (bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/ptm_viewer/), making this the first searchable repository for phosphorylated wheat proteins. This paves the way for further in depth, quantitative (phospho)proteome-wide differential analyses upon a specific trigger or environmental change.

Highlights

The widespread cultivation since centuries has firmly established wheat (Triticum ssp.) as one of the most important human food sources as well as livestock feed, especially in temperate climate areas
Worldwide wheat agriculture is overwhelmingly composed of the common wheat (Triticum aestivum) which accounts for 95% of wheat production, whereas most of the remaining 5% is attributed to durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum) (Shewry, 2009; Peng et al, 2011)
We chose to focus on three wheat cultivars, namely the traditional tetraploid durum wheat

Summary

Introduction

The widespread cultivation since centuries has firmly established wheat (Triticum ssp.) as one of the most important human food sources as well as livestock feed, especially in temperate climate areas. Worldwide wheat agriculture is overwhelmingly composed of the common wheat (Triticum aestivum) which accounts for 95% of wheat production, whereas most of the remaining 5% is attributed to durum wheat The genome of domestic wheat consists of DNA from two progenitor species in the case of T. turgidum (AABB), which gives rise to the hexaploid T. aestivum (AABBDD) by hybridization with the diploid grass Aegilops tauschii (Shewry, 2009). Despite its significance in agriculture, the complex polyploid nature and its large genome size have remained a challenge for the acquisition of the domestic wheat sequence, which in turn brings difficulties to high-throughput, omics-type experiments. Recent advances in wheat genome analysis provide a starting point for detailed and global analyses

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion