Abstract
In Escherichia coli, a long-chain acyl-CoA is a regulatory signal that modulates gene expression through its binding to a transcription factor FadR. In this study, comparative proteomic analysis of E. coli in the presence of glucose and oleic acid was performed to understand cell physiology in response to oleic acid. Among total of 52 proteins showing altered expression levels with oleic acid presence, 9 proteins including AldA, Cdd, FadA, FadB, FadL, MalE, RbsB, Udp, and YccU were newly synthesized. Among the genes that were induced by oleic acid, the promoter of the aldA gene was used for the production of a green fluorescent protein (GFP). Analysis of fluorescence intensities and confocal microscopic images revealed that soluble GFP was highly expressed under the control of the aldA promoter. These results suggest that proteomics is playing an important role not only in biological research but also in various biotechnological applications.
Highlights
Exogenous fatty acids and their derivatives influence a wide variety of cellular processes including fatty acids and phospholipids synthesis, organelle inheritance, vesicle fusion, protein export and modification, enzyme activation or deactivation, cell signaling, membrane permeability, bacterial pathogenesis, and transcriptional control [1, 2]
E. coli cells can grow on minimal medium containing long-chain fatty acids but it cannot grow on short- and medium-chain fatty acids due to no induction of the enzymes associated with fatty acids metabolism
To understand physiological changes triggered by the longchain fatty acid, we analyzed the proteome profiles of E. coli K-12 W3110 grown in the presence of glucose and oleic acid, respectively
Summary
Exogenous fatty acids and their derivatives influence a wide variety of cellular processes including fatty acids and phospholipids synthesis, organelle inheritance, vesicle fusion, protein export and modification, enzyme activation or deactivation, cell signaling, membrane permeability, bacterial pathogenesis, and transcriptional control [1, 2]. In a number of cell types, the process of fatty acid transport is inducible and commensurate with the expression of specific sets of proteins [2]. In wild-type Escherichia coli, growth on fatty acids requires specific transport system (FadL), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (FadD), enzymes of the β-oxidation cycle Of long-chain fatty acids that contain 12 or more carbons results in the derepression of the genes negatively controlled by FadR but leads to the decreased expression of the genes (e.g., fabA and fabB) activated by FadR, indicating that long-chain acyl-CoA esters are the effector molecules that regulate fatty acids metabolism and thereby mediate inductions [3]. In this study, we looked at the effects of long-chain fatty acids at the translational level of E. coli
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