Proteolysis on maturing enamel surface, as shown by gel‐coating methods

Abstract

Degradation of enamel matrix proteins, and their removal during early maturation, is critical for the growth of large enamel crystals in the subsequent processes of enamel maturation. In this study, we sought to demonstrate, using in vivo zymography, the exact sites of proteolysis in maturing enamel and its relationship to the overlying ameloblasts. The maturing enamel surfaces of rat and bovine incisors were exposed and painted either with pre-exposed autoradiographic emulsion or with densely fluorescein-conjugated (DQ) gelatin. After a few hours, photographic development of the emulsion revealed alternate black and white banding patterns over the maturing enamel surface. DQ gelatin also revealed similar banding patterns of fluorescent and non-fluorescent regions. White, powdery areas of emulsion and fluorescent bands of DQ gelatin both corresponded to the areas of ruffle-ended ameloblasts, at least up to the mid stages of enamel maturation, implicating a predominant contribution of ruffle-ended ameloblasts in the degradation of enamel matrix proteins. Powdery white bands in autoradiographic emulsion shifted from the areas of ruffle-ended to smooth-ended ameloblasts in late maturation in both bovine and rat incisors and were not influenced by proteinase inhibitors or heat inactivation, implicating non-enzymatic interactions. DQ gelatin, in fact, did not generate any fluorescence in such smooth-ended ameloblast regions.