Abstract
Dentin and pulp are considered interdependent substrates, known as the dentin-pulp complex. In front of injuries such as caries and trauma, this complex should be protected with restorative materials considered to be protective agents. An ideal material should have properties such as biocompatibility, be antimicrobial, be insoluble in the oral environment, be thermal and electrically insulating, have therapeutic potential, and adequate mechanical properties. As these characteristics are not found in all materials, the dentist must know the advantages and disadvantages of those that are available. This study aimed to perform a critical review of the indirect materials indicated for the protection of dentin-pulp vitality (PDPV) to ensure the success of indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth. A search was carried out in books, theses, dissertations, monographs, printed articles and databases, PubMed, SciELO, and MEDLINE. According to the literature, the success in protecting the dentin-pulp vitality is achieved through an excellent marginal seal, preventing bacterial infiltration in the dentin and controlling the progression of caries. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate other outcomes after indirect pulp treatment. There isn’t a material that has all the desired characteristics for PDPV, and recent studies show that the key to PDPV isn’t found in the protective material, but in the restorations marginal sealing, enabling the inactivation of the progression of dental caries.
Highlights
A dentina e a polpa são consideradas substratos interdependentes, conhecido como complexo dentino-pulpar
In front of injuries such as caries and trauma, this complex should be protected with restorative materials considered to be protective agents
An ideal material should have properties such as biocompatibility, be antimicrobial, be insoluble in the oral environment, be thermal and electrically insulating, have therapeutic potential, and adequate mechanical properties. As these characteristics are not found in all materials, the dentist must know the advantages and disadvantages of those that are available
Summary
O grande desafio de obter estabilidade das restaurações à longo prazo, encontra-se na sensibilidade do tecido dentinário. A dentina, tecido composto majoritariamente por matéria orgânica, possui estrutura complexa formada, principalmente, por túbulos dentinários, prolongamentos odontoblásticos, fluido e dentina peritubular[8]. Localizados no interior dos túbulos dentinários, estão diretamente relacionados com os mecanismos fisiológicos de defesa do complexo dentino-pulpar[12,13]. A dentina e o tecido pulpar são originados da mesma estrutura embriológica e continuam unidos durante toda vida funcional do dente[14]. Estes tecidos são abordados como uma estrutura única, sendo que as injúrias na dentina alcançam o tecido pulpar[15]. A importância da escolha do material protetor, que deve além de auxiliar, não atrapalhar o próprio potencial reparador dos tecidos. Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre, v. 61, n. 2, jul./dez. 2020
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