Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 gene polymorphism in alopecia areata: Does it have an association with disease severity?

Abstract

Alopecia areata is a condition involving hair loss from certain or all areas of the body. It has been considered as an immune-mediated disease, characterized by the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the hair follicles. The study aimed to assess whether protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 gene single nucleotide polymorphism 1858C/T has any relationship with alopecia areata in Egyptian patients and whether it is associated with disease severity or not. Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) C1858T gene polymorphism was identified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis technique in 60 patients suffering from alopecia areata and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Disease severity was assessed using SALT score. CT and TT genotypes were significantly higher in the patients' group (P=.005), OR=4.38 95% CI [1.48-12.96], with significant statistical predominance of T allele in patients, P=.003, OR=3.86, 95% CI [1.52-9.77]. There was also a positive significant relationship between protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 genotype CT and SALT score. PTPN22 1858T allele is associated with the development and severity of alopecia areata in Egyptians.