Abstract
Nanoparticles are particles that range in size from about 1–1000 nanometers in diameter, about one thousand times smaller than the average cell in a human body. Their small size, flexible fabrication, and high surface-area-to-volume ratio make them ideal systems for drug delivery. Nanoparticles can be made from a variety of materials including metals, polysaccharides, and proteins. Biological protein-based nanoparticles such as silk, keratin, collagen, elastin, corn zein, and soy protein-based nanoparticles are advantageous in having biodegradability, bioavailability, and relatively low cost. Many protein nanoparticles are easy to process and can be modified to achieve desired specifications such as size, morphology, and weight. Protein nanoparticles are used in a variety of settings and are replacing many materials that are not biocompatible and have a negative impact on the environment. Here we attempt to review the literature pertaining to protein-based nanoparticles with a focus on their application in drug delivery and biomedical fields. Additional detail on governing nanoparticle parameters, specific protein nanoparticle applications, and fabrication methods are also provided.
Highlights
Drug delivery systems are a valuable means of disease treatment and prevention in today’s medicine
The nanoparticles were found to be mucoadhesive due to the electrostatic interaction and disulfide bonding between gastric mucin and KTN, and hydrogen binding with KOS. These results suggest that keratin-based nanoparticles may be an ideal carrier for mucoadhesive drug delivery [42]
Protein polymer and protein composite materials are becoming more accepted in the realm of nanoparticle drug delivery
Summary
Drug delivery systems are a valuable means of disease treatment and prevention in today’s medicine. Nanoparticles, or microspheres, are ideal drug delivery systems for both controlled and targeted drug delivery Their sizes typically range between 1–100 nanometers in diameter and can extend to. Protein-based materials thatattention offer improved efficacy and reduced costs compared to synthetic. Advances materials in [8].medical technology have brought about techniques to synthesize protein-based materials that offer improved efficacy and reduced costs compared to synthetic materials [8]. Protein polymers are natural macromolecules plants and animals which makes them an obtainable, renewable resource. There aretheir a variety different protein polymers suitable for nanoparticle-based basedprocessed drug delivery with own of unique structure-function relationships.
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