Protein Phosphatase 1γ Isoforms Linked Interactions in the Brain

Abstract

Posttranslational protein modifications, in particular reversible protein phosphorylation, are important regulatory mechanisms involved in cellular signaling transduction pathways. Thousands of human proteins are phosphorylatable and the tight regulation of phosphorylation states is crucial for cell maintenance and development. Protein phosphorylation occurs primarily on serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues, through the antagonistic actions of protein kinases and phosphatases. The catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), a major Ser/Thr-phosphatase, associates with a large variety of regulatory subunits that define substrate specificity and determine specific cellular pathway responses. PP1 has been shown to bind to different proteins in the brain in order to execute key and differential functions. This work reports the identification of proteins expressed in the human brain that interact with PP1γ1 and PP1γ2 isoforms by the yeast two-hybrid method. An extensive search of PP1-binding motifs was performed for the proteins identified, revealing already known PP1 regulators but also novel interactors. Moreover, our results were integrated with the data of PP1γ interacting proteins from several public web databases, permitting the development of physical maps of the novel interactions. The PP1γ interactome thus obtained allowed for the identification of novel PP1 interacting proteins, supporting novel functions of PP1γ isoforms in the human brain.