Abstract
The present study was carried out on 17 seeded strains of date palm “Phoenix dactylifera L.” grown in Basrah region to investigate variations in protein pattern of leaflets and fruits among these strains. Cluster and principal component analysis were used to identify the degree of similarity and differences between date palm strains. The leaflet and fruit protein pattern on SDS-PAGE showed differences in band number, location, thickness and density leading to variations in protein quantity and quality among the studied strains.Cluster analysis data showed a high degree of similarity between leaflet and fruit samples of these strains recording an average similarity value of 0.76 and 0.67 for leaflet and fruit samples respectively. Cluster analysis also revealed that all strains occupied two main groups and then distributed into two subgroups under each main group. The principal component analysis showed that protein banding characters for leaflets and fruits could be used for identification of date palm seeded strains.
Highlights
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L., 2n = 2x = 36), the dioecious, perennial, monocotyledonous fruit tree that belongs to the family Arecaceae, is one of the oldest cultured trees in the world (Barrow, 1998)
The leaflet and fruit protein pattern on SDS-PAGE showed differences in band number, location, thickness and density leading to variations in protein quantity and quality among the studied strains.Cluster analysis data showed a high degree of similarity between leaflet and fruit samples of these strains recording an average similarity value of 0.76 and 0.67 for leaflet and fruit samples respectively
The principal component analysis showed that protein banding characters for leaflets and fruits could be used for identification of date palm seeded strains
Summary
Date is the dominant fruit crop in southern Iraq and considered to be an important food resource for the population living in this region due to its nutritional and economic values (Al-Bakr, 1972; El-Sohaimy & Hafez, 2010). Most of the indigenous cultivars of date palm grown in southern Iraq are believed to have originated from seeded strains over a period of 5000 years (Mater, 1991). Basrah Governorate, the land of dates, has the largest date palm plantation in Iraq with an approximate area of 50 000 hectare covered with 13 million date palm trees and 400 cultivars (Jaradat, 2003). Basrah is situated in the far south of Iraq at the northwestern corner of the Arabian Gulf (46° 60' to 48° 60' E and 29° 13' to 31°29' N ), occupying a total area of 19 070 km, elevated 90-260 m above sea level ( Hadeel et al, 2010)
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