Protein Isolate from Parkia biglobosa Seeds Improves Dyslipidaemia and Cardiac Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Bolajoko Idiat Ogunyinka,Foluso Oluwagbemiga Osunsanmi,Unathi Kolanisi,Abidemi Paul Kappo,Andrew Rowland Opoku,Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye

doi:10.3390/antiox8100481

Bolajoko Idiat Ogunyinka, Foluso Oluwagbemiga Osunsanmi + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100481

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Journal: Antioxidants	Publication Date: Oct 12, 2019
Citations: 7	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Zululand, Afe Babalola University

Abstract

Reports from previous studies now provide evidence that dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes and its related complications. This research is aimed to investigate the potential effects of protein isolate from Parkia biglobosa seeds (PBPI) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by measuring blood glucose levels, changes in lipid metabolism and biomarkers of oxidative stress. Diabetic rats were treated orally with graded doses of PBPI, 200 mg/kg bw and 400 mg/kg bw, and 5 U/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.) of insulin once daily for 28 days with the fasting blood glucose (FBG) monitored weekly. The effect of PBPI on the serum lipid profile was measured while the extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase; SOD, catalase; CAT, glutathione-S-transferase; GST and total glutathione; total GSH), was determined in the cardiac homogenates of diabetic rats. At the tested doses, treatment with PBPI was significantly effective in lowering FBG, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), while concurrently increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). PBPI also significantly decreased the elevations witnessed in LPO levels and restored the biomarkers of oxidative stress in the cardiac homogenate of experimental rats. The results from this study demonstrate that PBPI could improve dyslipidaemia and cardiac oxidative stress in the experimental diabetic animal model possibly by reducing and effectively scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well as by increasing antioxidant capacity in combating oxidative stress. Therefore, it can be concluded that PBPI could be explored in the development of a potent cardioprotective supplement or adjuvant therapy towards the management of diabetes and its related complications.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterised by a defect in insulin action, secretion or both, resulting in a disturbance of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism [1]
The effect of protein isolate from Parkia biglobosa seeds (PBPI) on blood glucose was examined by monitoring the weekly alterations in the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of the experimental by monitoring the weekly alterations in the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of the experimental rats
(60 mg/kg) to the experimental rats led to significant elevation in FBG levels in all STZ-treated when compared with the normal control

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterised by a defect in insulin action, secretion or both, resulting in a disturbance of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism [1]. The hallmark of diabetes, is associated with long-term complications. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 481 various complications associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular complications hypertension, coronary heart disease as well as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) are the principal causes of morbidity and mortality [2]. Hyperglycaemia-induced free radical generation in diabetes has been linked to glucose oxidation, glycation of proteins and the degradation of glycated proteins. A shift in this critical balance leads to oxidative stress, which in turn leads to tissue damage, lipid peroxidation and insulin resistance [3,4,5]

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