Protein expressions of plasma adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten and their correlation with insulin resistance in patients with impaired glucose regulation and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To compare the plasma protein expressions of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4)and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)in patients with impaired glucose regulation(IGR) and newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and investigate whether they can be the early biochemical markers of glucose metabolism disorders. Methods From January to December 2013, 65 newly-diagnosed T2DM patients(34 obese patients and 31 non-obese patients), 32 impaired glucose regulation(IGR) patients and 30 healthy subjects were included in this study. Among the IGR and T2DM groups, 48 were male, 49 female and mean age was (47±11) years, while in healthy subjects, 14 were male, 16 female and mean age was (41±11) years. Plasma protein expression levels of FABP4 and PTEN were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and other indicators such as fasting glucose and lipids were detected in the meantime. One-way ANOVA was used to compare quantitative data among groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis between the two variables, and Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors of HOMA-IR. Results (1)The plasma concentration of FABP4 in the normal control group, IGR group, non-obese and obese groups of diabetes was (31±4), (34±5), (34±4) and (34±5)ng/L, respectively. Plasma FABP4 concentrations increased in the IGR group, non-obese and obese group of diabetes compared with the control group(t value was 2.057, 2.369 and 3.094, respectively, all P<0.05). (2) The plasma concentration of PTEN in the normal control group, IGR group, non-obese and obese group of diabetes was (2.9±0.5), (3.8±0.6), (3.7±0.7) and (3.8±0.5)μg/L, respectively. Compared with control group, the plasma concentrations of PTEN increased in IGR group, non-obese and obese groups of diabetes (t value was 6.049, 5.509 and 5.798, respectively, all P<0.05). (3) The levels of FABP4 and PTEN were positively correlated (r=0.361, P<0.01) in all the subjects. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that triglyceride, body mass index, FABP4 and PTEN were independent variables of HOMA-IR. Conclusion FABP4 and PTEN might be the early biochemical markers of glucose metabolism disorders, and there might be an interaction between FABP4 and PTEN with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Impaired glucose regulation; Insulin resistance; Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4; Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten