Abstract
Antagonistic yeasts can inhibit fungal growth. In our previous research, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, one of the antagonistic yeasts, exhibited antagonistic activity against Penicillium expansum. However, the mechanisms, especially the molecular mechanisms of inhibiting activity of M. guilliermondii, are not clear. In this study, the protein expression profile and transcriptome characterization of P. expansum induced by M. guilliermondii were investigated. In P. expansum induced by M. guilliermondii, 66 proteins were identified as differentially expressed, among them six proteins were upregulated and 60 proteins were downregulated, which were associated with oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthesis, basal metabolism, and response regulation. Simultaneously, a transcriptomic approach based on RNA-Seq was applied to annotate the genome of P. expansum and then studied the changes of gene expression in P. expansum treated with M. guilliermondii. The results showed that differentially expressed genes such as HEAT, Phosphoesterase, Polyketide synthase, ATPase, and Ras-association were significantly downregulated, in contrast to Cytochromes P450, Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase, and Glutathione S-transferase, which were significantly upregulated. Interestingly, the downregulated differentially expressed proteins and genes have a corresponding relationship; these results revealed that these proteins and genes were important in the growth of P. expansum treated with M. guilliermondii.
Highlights
Penicillium expansum is one of the most common pathogens in pears which cause blue mold decay and is able to secrete toxic secondary metabolite patulin (PAT), causing serious food safety problems and harming human health [1]
Our previous study showed that blue mold decay caused by P. expansum was significantly inhibited by M. guilliermondii without any change in the fruit quality [6]. e biocontrol efficacy increased with increasing yeast concentrations
Integrating transcriptomic and proteomic data to achieve meaningful insights into P. expansum inhibited by M. guilliermondii has rarely been reported. erefore, the present work highlights the protein expression profile and transcriptomic changes of P. expansum in order to explore the molecular inhibitory mechanism of M. guilliermondii
Summary
Penicillium expansum is one of the most common pathogens in pears which cause blue mold decay and is able to secrete toxic secondary metabolite patulin (PAT), causing serious food safety problems and harming human health [1]. Meyerozyma guilliermondii was reported as an effective antagonistic yeast, which significantly controlled blue mold decay of pears [6] and controlled rice blast disease, cabbage black leaf spot disorder, and bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, a tomato pathogen [7]. It showed significant biocontrol of gray mold disease on table grapes caused by Botrytis cinerea [8] and reduced the severity of rot in mangoes during storage [9]. M. guilliermondii enhanced the defense to pathogens in pears [6]. e proteomics and transcriptomics analysis conducted in pears induced by M. guilliermondii revealed that M. guilliermondii could upregulate the expression of defense-related proteins and genes of pears [6, 10]
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