Abstract
Biomarkers are deemed to be potential tools in early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognosis evaluation for cancer, with simplicity as well as economic advantages compared with computed tomography and biopsy. However, most of the current cancer biomarkers present insufficient sensitivity as well as specificity. Therefore, there is urgent requirement for the discovery of biomarkers for cancer. As one of the most exciting emerging technologies, protein array provides a versatile and robust platform in cancer proteomics research because it shows tremendous advantages of miniaturized features, high throughput, and sensitive detections in last decades. Here, we will present a relatively complete picture on the characteristics and advance of different types of protein arrays in application for biomarker discovery in cancer, and give the future perspectives in this area of research.
Highlights
Biological markers are defined as ‘‘cellular, biochemical or molecular alterations that are measurable in biological media such as human tissues, cells, or fluids” [1]
Numerous technologies have been applied for discovery of biomarkers to improve early diagnosis, therapeutic stratification, and prognosis for cancer patients who have undergone treatments
All of the studies above represented the application of analytical protein arrays in the discovery of pancreatic cancer biomarkers, which may have the potential to achieve more accurate diagnosis and screening for high-risk individuals
Summary
Biological markers (biomarkers) are defined as ‘‘cellular, biochemical or molecular alterations that are measurable in biological media such as human tissues, cells, or fluids” [1]. A wide variety of biological samples, such as lysates of cells, tissues, and tumors, can be readily assayed using this type of protein arrays, as evidenced by their wide uses in biomarker identification, protein expression profiling, clinical diagnosis/prognosis, as well as environmental and food safety analysis [12].
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