Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of protein AG tagged with colloidal gold as a reliable immunocytochemical reagent. Protein AG is a recombinant of 47.3 KD molecular weight and pI = 4.3, which displays immunoglobulin Fc binding sites for both staphylococcal protein A and streptococcal protein G. It adsorbs to 10-nm colloidal gold particles with a lower affinity than does protein A, and is saturable. A maximal number of 12 protein AG molecules could be accommodated on the gold particle surface. Protein AG-gold conjugates yielded positive signals in post-embedding immunocytochemical assays when used as a secondary reagent in conjunction with several species and classes of polyclonal (rabbit, goat, sheep, guinea pig) and mouse monoclonal immunoglobulins (IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3). In addition, protein AG-gold was found to be a useful reagent in immunoblot analysis because of its ability to bind and identify nitrocellulose-immobilized IgGs (rabbit, mouse, goat, sheep, rat, and cow). Its spectrum of specificity towards various types of antibodies combines those of the parental protein A and protein G molecules. The protein AG-gold complex therefore appears to be a highly versatile and convenient alternative probe for immunochemical and immunocytochemical studies.
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