Abstract
Deltamethrin is a broad-spectrum synthetic pyrethroid insecticide and acaricide widely used for agricultural and veterinary purposes. However, its human and animal exposure leads to hepatonephrotoxicity. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the hepatonephroprotective and antioxidant potential of Spirulina platensis against deltamethrin toxicity in male Wistar albino rats. Deltamethrin treated animals revealed a significant increase in serum biochemical parameters as well as hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation but caused an inhibition in antioxidant biomarkers. Spirulina normalized the elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, APL, uric acid, urea and creatinine. Furthermore, it reduced deltamethrin-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in a dose dependent manner. Therefore, it could be concluded that spirulina administration able to minimize the toxic effects of deltamethrin by its free radical-scavenging and potent antioxidant activity.
Highlights
Deltamethrin (DLM) is a broad-spectrum synthetic dibromopyrethroid insecticide [a-cyano- 3-phenoxybenzyl-(1R, S)-cis, trans-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate], widely used to protect agricultural crops, vegetables and fruits against pests such as ants, mites, beetles and weevils
DLM represents an environmental and industrial pollutant that is toxic to animals, birds, fishes and human being living in the same ecosystem and directly or indirectly at the risk of exposure leading to substantial hazards [3]
All kits were purchased from Biodiagnostics Co. (Cairo, Egypt) except Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which was purchased from Randox Laboratories Ltd, U.K
Summary
Deltamethrin (DLM) is a broad-spectrum synthetic dibromopyrethroid insecticide [a-cyano- 3-phenoxybenzyl-(1R, S)-cis, trans-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate], widely used to protect agricultural crops, vegetables and fruits against pests such as ants, mites, beetles and weevils. It is used for nurseries, golf courses, urban structural and landscaping sites, residential home and garden pest control. Owing to its rapid metabolism and low toxicity to humans and other nontarget animals as well as its high potency on a large number of pests, it has become of choice in most countries [2]. The liver was found to accumulate a greater concentration of metabolites since it is the major site of DLM metabolism and kidney is main organ of excretion [8,9,10]
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