Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disease is characterized by increased level of blood glucose. Diabetes may affect other functions of the body and organs including, renal function and lipid metabolism. Pandanus tectorius (P. tectorius) Parkinson ex Du Roi is a small tree used in folk medicine in treatment of many diseases.MethodsDiabetes in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight for 3 days. Water and ethanol extracts of root, stem and leave of P. tectorius were given to rats at 200 mg/kg body weight at day 3. Rats were sacrificed on day 4 after 12 h fasting. Serum glucose and other biochemical parameters like liver enzymes; [alanine aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)], kidney parameters (urea & creatinine), lipid profile [total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides] and coronary artery risk index (CRI) were estimated in blood serum. Antioxidant potential, polyphenol content and phytochemical constituents in different parts of P. tectorius were also determined.ResultsResults showed that water extract of stem and ethanol extract of root of P. tectorius produced maximum fall in sugar level of alloxan diabetic rats. Extracts of all three plant parts significantly dropped the increased level of urea and creatinine with maximum reduction in creatinine was observed by water extract of root. P.tectorius extracts showed positive effect on liver enzymes and lipid profile by bringing them closer to normal range in comparison to alloxan diabetic control rats. Phytochemical screening indicated presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponin in P. tectorius. In DPPH free radical scavenging test the highest antioxidant potential was found in water extract of roots, while ethanol extract of stem also showed good activity.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that different parts of P.tectorius have potential to attenuate diabetes and diabetes related complications like, liver, kidney dysfunction and lipid metabolism.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2, a metabolic disorder is characterized by the abnormal increase of sugar in blood due to insufficient production of insulin by pancreas [1]
All the kits including alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), Aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, creatinine glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were purchased from Merck (France) and Ecoline (Germany)
The effect of alloxan resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in level of kidney markers when compared to normal control rats
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2, a metabolic disorder is characterized by the abnormal increase of sugar (glucose) in blood due to insufficient production of insulin by pancreas [1]. The disease may bring about weak digestion of glucose and different biomolecules like lipids, carbohydrates and proteins [5]. According to some estimations type 2 diabetes mellitus has an impact on 415 million people in 2015 and this will increase up to 642 million by 2040 [6]. Different drugs like; sulphonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones and insulin are available to treat diabetes and reduce the risk of complications [7]. Diabetes mellitus (DM), an endocrine disease is characterized by increased level of blood glucose. Diabetes may affect other functions of the body and organs including, renal function and lipid metabolism. Pandanus tectorius (P. tectorius) Parkinson ex Du Roi is a small tree used in folk medicine in treatment of many diseases
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