Abstract
The liver is an important organ performing vital roles that become affected when damaged. The protective potential of ethyl acetate-ethanolic fraction of Carica papaya leaves on acetaminophen-induced liver damage in female albino rats was investigated. Forty female rats were completely randomized into eight groups (A-H) of five rats each. Group A (control), received 1 ml of distilled water, group B (untreated) received 250 mgkg-1 bw of acetaminophen, group C received silymarin (50 mgkg-1 bw) followed by actaminophen (250 mgkg-1 bw), groups D-G received 100, 200, 400 and 600 mgkg-1 bw of ethyl acetate-ethanolic fraction of Carica papaya leaves respectively; followed by acetaminophen administration (250 mgkg-1 bw), while group H (toxicity control) received 600 mgkg-1 bw extract fraction daily. Ethyl acetate-ethanolic fraction of Carica papaya leaves significantly (p<0.05) decreased the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase and bilirubin concentration and increased the concentrations of total protein and albumin in acetaminophen-induced liver damaged rats when compared with the untreated group. Prevention of liver damage was observed in the groups pre-administered 400 and 600 mgkg-1 bw of the extract fraction as well as the silymarin group. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the concentration of glutathione were significantly (p<0.05) increased while the concentration of malondialdehyde was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in rats pre-administered with silymarin or the extract fraction when compared with the acetaminophen-induced rats. Ethyl acetate-ethanolic fraction of Carica papaya leaves prevented acetaminophen-induced rat liver damage probably mainly due to the antioxidant constituents of the fraction.
Highlights
Liver is the largest internal organ of the human body; it performs vital metabolic functions such as biotransformation and detoxification of many endogenous and exogenous compounds
Prevention of liver damage was observed in the groups pre-administered 400 and 600 mgkg-1 bw of the extract fraction as well as the silymarin group
Ethyl acetate-ethanolic fraction of Carica papaya leaves (EEFCPL) moved in line with the standard used though at a lowered rate (Figure 2) which means another type of flavonoid and not quercetin is contained in the extract fraction
Summary
Liver is the largest internal organ of the human body; it performs vital metabolic functions such as biotransformation and detoxification of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Numerous xenobiotics are metabolized by the mixed functions of monooxidases found in hepatocytes via oxidation, reduction, hydration, hydrolysis, condensation, conjugation, or isomerization Ozougwu et al (2017). Received in revised form: 13 Jun 2020.
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